Efficacy in thinking critically and analytically

When it comes to critical-analytical thinking, one needs to accumulate knowledge, beliefs, skills and strategies which are required to think critically and analytically. In other words, hight effort thinking required deep information processing in mind, and it tends to be slow, controlled, and limited capacity mode that often demands more effort.

We could think in a effortless way without concerning the potential or upcoming result, but the faster we come out the solution, we have more efficacy in this decision making process. We are not that sensitive to losses but use promotion-focused strategeis and eagerly seek opportunities for gains in this case. When one quickly comes up with an answer based on an automatic association between the problem and some solution, the processing was rapid, automatic, and high capacity mode that requires relatively little effort. But it is more likely to float at the surface which require low effort thinking. 
Most of time, people gernerally allow themselves to be guide by impressions and feelings, and the confidence they have in their intuitive beliefs and preferences is usually justified. It reminds me of my talk with Micheal focusing on my present research interest. I exemplified several broad topics and merely explained personal ideas simply within one or two sentences, which makes Micheal confusing, for I just wandered aroung the surface level withouth providing clear demonstration out of my thoughts. Then I realized that I did not develop the ability to scratch the surface and explore deeper. In other words, I transfer the information instumentally rather than tranformatively. Ideas out of critical and analytical thinking which belongs to me was drowned in parrot-learned knowledge. Most of times I would extremely admire others who had firmly choose one road and dig in depth. However, compared with them, I lack sufficient requiring mind and spirit and have lower efficacy in critical and analytical thinking. People would be simply satisfied with a smattering of knowledge if they do not scrutinize the idea in various aspects.